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A. Types of uses. For the purposes of this chapter, there are four kinds of use:

1. A permitted (P) use is one that is permitted outright, subject to all of the applicable provisions of this title.

2. A limited (L) use is permitted outright providing it is in compliance with special requirements, exceptions or restrictions.

3. A conditional use (C) is a discretionary use reviewed through the process set forth in Chapters 20.245 and 20.210 VMC, governing conditional uses and decision-making procedures, respectively.

4. A prohibited use (X) is one that is not permitted in a zoning district under any circumstances.

B. Use table. A list of permitted, limited, conditional, and prohibited uses in low-density residential districts is presented in Table 20.410.030-1.

Table 20.410.030-1. Lower-Density Residential Districts Use Table

USE

R-2

R-4

R-6

R-9

R-17

RESIDENTIAL

Household Living

P1

P1

P1

P1

P1

Group Living

P/X1

P/X1

P/X1

P/X1

P/X1

Home Occupation

L2

L2

L2

L2

L2

Medical Center Residential

L23

L23

L23

L23

L23

HOUSING TYPES

Single Dwellings, Attached

L18

L18

L18

L18

L18

Single Dwellings, Detached

P

P

P

P

P

Accessory Dwelling Units

L4

L4

L4

L4

L4

Duplexes22

L21

L21

L21

L21

L24

Multi-Dwelling Units

X

X

X

X

L24

Existing Manufactured Home Developments

L5

L5

L5

L5

L5

Designated Manufactured Homes

L/X19

L/X19

L/X19

L/X19

L/X19

New Manufactured Homes

L20

L20

L20

L20

L20

Cottage Cluster Housing

P25

P25

P25

P25

X

CIVIC (Institutional)

Basic Utilities

C

C

C

C

C

Colleges

C

C

C

C

C

Community Centers

X

X

X

X

X

Community Recreation

C6

C6

C6

C6

C6

Cultural Institutions

P/C7

P/C7

P/C7

P/C7

P/C7

Day Care

– Family Day Care Homes

P8

P8

P8

P8

P8

– Child Care Centers

L/C11

L/C11

L/C11

L/C11

L/C11

– Adult Day Care

L/C/X9

L/C/X9

L/C/X9

L/C/X9

L/C/X9

Emergency Services
(except ambulance services)

L/C11

L/C11

L/C11

L/C11

L/C11

Ambulance Services

X

X

X

X

X

Medical Centers

X

X

X

X

X

Parks/Open Space

– Neighborhood Parks

P

P

P

P

P

– Community Parks

P

P

P

P

P

– Regional Parks

C

C

C

C

C

– Trails

P

P

P

P

P

Postal Service

C

C

C

C

C

Religious Institutions

L/C11

L/C11

L/C11

L/C11

L/C11

Schools

L/C11

L/C11

L/C11

L/C11

L/C11

Social/Fraternal Clubs

X

X

X

X

X

Transportation Facilities

C12

C12

C12

C12

C12

COMMERCIAL

Commercial and Transient Lodging

L/C/X13

L/C/X13

L/C/X13

L/C/X13

L/C/X13

Eating/Drinking Establishments

X

X

X

X

X

Entertainment-Oriented

– Adult Entertainment

X

X

X

X

X

– Indoor Entertainment

X

X

X

X

X

– Major Event Entertainment

X

X

X

X

X

General Retail

– Sales-Oriented

C14

C14

C14

C14

C14

– Personal Services

C14

C14

C14

C14

C14

– Repair-Oriented

X

X

X

X

X

– Bulk Sales

X

X

X

X

X

– Outdoor Sales

X

X

X

X

X

Motor Vehicle Related

– Motor Vehicle Sales/Rental

X

X

X

X

X

– Motor Vehicle Servicing/Repair

X

X

X

X

X

– Vehicle Fuel Sales

X

X

X

X

X

– EV Basic Charging Stations (accessory only)

P

P

P

P

P

– EV Rapid Charging Stations (accessory only)

P

P

P

P

P

– EV Battery Exchange Stations

X

X

X

X

X

Offices

– General

X

X

X

X

X

– Medical

X

X

X

X

X

– Extended

X

X

X

X

X

Nonaccessory Parking

X

X

X

X

X

Self-Service Storage

X

X

X

X

X

Marinas

C

C

C

C

C

INDUSTRIAL

Bulk Fossil Fuel Storage and Handling Facilities

X

X

X

X

X

Cleaner Fuel Storage and Handling Facilities

X

X

X

X

X

Small Fossil Fuel or Cleaner Fuel Storage and Distribution Facilities

X

X

X

X

X

Industrial Services

X

X

X

X

X

Manufacturing and Production

X

X

X

X

X

Railroad Yards

X

X

X

X

X

Research and Development

X

X

X

X

X

Warehouses/Freight Movement

X

X

X

X

X

Wholesale Sales

X

X

X

X

X

Waste-Related

X

X

X

X

X

Major Utility Facilities

X

X

X

X

X

OTHER

Agriculture/Horticulture

P

P

P

P

P

Airports/Airparks

X

X

X

X

X

Animal Kennels/Shelters

X

X

X

X

X

Cemeteries

C15

C15

C15

C15

C15

Detention and Post-Detention Facilities

X

X

X

X

X

Dog Day Care

X

X

X

X

X

Heliports

X

X

X

X

X

Recreational or Medical Marijuana Facilities

X

X

X

X

X

Medical Marijuana Cooperatives

X

X

X

X

X

Mining

X

X

X

X

X

Rail Lines/Utility Corridors

P

P

P

P

P

Temporary Uses

L16

L16

L16

L16

L16

Wireless Communication Facilities

L/C/X17

L/C/X17

L/C/X17

L/C/X17

L/C/X17

1Residential care homes, state or federally approved, with six or fewer residents and any required on-site residential staff permitted by right; all larger group living uses prohibited.

2Subject to the provisions of Chapter 20.860 VMC, Home Occupations.

3Reserved for future use.

4Subject to the provisions of Chapter 20.810 VMC, Accessory Dwelling Units.

5Subject to the provisions of Chapter 20.880 VMC, Manufactured Home Parks. Manufactured home developments established prior to July 1, 2005, are exempt from the standards of VMC 20.410.050(F), Criteria for Placement of Manufactured Homes, and may continue to exist and expand within existing previously approved boundaries. An existing manufactured home in a development or subdivision may be replaced or may be relocated either to an approved manufactured home development or an approved manufactured home subdivision.

6Subject to provisions in VMC 20.895.040, Community Recreation and Related Facilities.

7Libraries only permitted outright; all other cultural institutions are conditional uses.

8Family day care homes for no more than 12 children are permitted when licensed by the state.

9Adult day care facilities for six or fewer adults allowed as limited uses subject to compliance with the development standards governing home occupations, per VMC 20.860.020(B)(1) through (B)(7); facilities with seven to 12 adults allowed as conditional uses; and larger facilities are prohibited.

10Repealed by M-4289.

11Schools, religious institutions, government buildings, fire stations, child care centers, and emergency services facilities that meet all of the criteria contained in VMC 20.410.050(D) are permitted by right; all others require conditional use approval. Child care centers permitted by right shall be consistent with Chapter 20.840 VMC, Child Care Centers, and be subject to Type II review pursuant to VMC 20.210.050.

12Except bus, trolley and streetcar stops, including bus shelters, which are allowed by right.

13One- and two-bedroom bed-and-breakfast facilities are permitted outright and three- to six-bedroom bed-and-breakfast facilities are allowed as conditional uses, with all bed-and-breakfast facilities subject to provisions of Chapter 20.830 VMC, Bed and Breakfast Establishments. No more than six bedrooms are allowed under any circumstances. All other commercial lodging is prohibited.

14Retail commercial uses limited to 1,500 gsf per use to a maximum of 5,000 square feet in planned developments of 150 units or more. See VMC 20.260.020(B)(1)(b)(2).

15Subject to provisions in VMC 20.895.030.

16Subject to provisions in Chapter 20.885 VMC, except sales of fireworks which are prohibited in residential zones.

17Building-mounted antennas are allowed by conditional use on nonresidential buildings in single-family residential zones subject to requirements contained in Chapter 20.890 VMC, Wireless Communication Facilities.

18Subject to VMC 20.260.020(B)(1)(a)(2), planned development, VMC 20.910.050, Zero Lot Line Developments, and Chapter 20.920 VMC, Infill Development Standards.

19A “designated manufactured home” is exempt from the development standards of VMC 20.410.050(F) and may continue to exist and expand. An existing unit may be replaced or may be relocated either to an approved manufactured home development or an approved manufactured home subdivision. After July 1, 2005, only “new manufactured homes” that also meet the “designated manufactured home” criteria will be permitted on individual lots not part of an existing approved manufactured home development or manufactured home subdivision, except that a new manufactured home placed on an individual lot after July 1, 2005, may be relocated as permitted by this title if within five years of the date of the original placement.

20Subject to VMC 20.410.050(F), Development Standards – Criteria for Placement of Manufactured Homes.

21Subject to Chapter 20.920 VMC, Infill Development Standards.

22Existing duplexes built on lots meeting the minimum infill lot size standards of Table 20.920.060-1 shall be considered conforming uses even if not part of an infill development.

23Medical center residential uses, as defined in VMC 20.160.020, are permitted outright if approved through a public facilities master plan per VMC 20.680.040.

24Two-family dwellings (duplexes), three-family, or four-family dwellings are permitted subject to density and development standards of the R-17 district.

25Pursuant to Chapter 20.950 VMC, Cottage Cluster Housing.

(Ord. M-4380 § 6, 2022; Ord. M-4377 § 2(a), 2022; Ord. M-4325 § 3, 2020; Ord. M-4289 § 4, 2019; Ord. M-4255 § 6, 2018; Ord. M-4254 § 3(BB), 2018; Ord. M-4187 § 5, 2016; Ord. M-4071 § 7, 2014; Ord. M-4066 § 5, 2013; Ord. M-4035 § 2, 2012; Ord. M-4034 § 10, 2012; Ord. M-4024 § 6, 2012; Ord. M-4002 § 5, 2011; Ord. M-3931 § 9, 2009; Ord. M-3922 § 19, 2009; Ord. M-3840 § 18, 2007; Ord. M-3709 § 4, 2005; Ord. M-3663 § 12, 2004; Ord. M-3643, 2004)