a. metal, wooden, acrylic, glass, stone, plastic or ceramic pipes, with or without screens, permanent screens, hashish heads or punctured metal bowls, including but not limited to, glass tubes commonly marketed as novelty items such as a miniature rose, vase, air freshener or colored marking pens, which, when taken apart, contain a pipe that can be used for smoking or otherwise inhaling controlled substances;

b. carburetion tubes and devices;

c. smoking and carburetion masks;

d. roach clips, meaning objects used to hold burning material, such as a marijuana cigarette, that has become too small or too short to be held in the hand;

e. miniature cocaine spoons, cocaine vials, or any spoon used, intended for use, or primarily designed for ingestion of a controlled substance;

f. chamber pipes;

g. carburetor pipes;

h. electric pipes;

i. air driven pipes;

j. chillums;

k. bongs;

l. ice pipes or chillers;

m. wired cigarette papers;

n. cocaine freebase kit;

o. a device constructed so as to prevent the escape of smoke into the air and to channel smoke into a chamber where it may be accumulated to permit inhalation or ingestion of larger quantities of smoke than would otherwise be possible;

p. a device constructed so as to permit the simultaneous mixing and ingestion of smoke and nitrous oxide or other compressed gas, whether the device is known as a "buzz bomb" or otherwise;

q. a canister, container or other device with a tube, nozzle, or other similar arrangement attached thereto so constructed as to permit the forcing of smoke accumulated therein to the user’s lungs, under pressure, whether the device is known as a "power hitter" or otherwise;

r. a straw or tube for ingestion of a controlled substance through the nose or mouth; or

s. a smokable pipe constructed with a receptacle or container in which water or other liquid may be placed into which smoke passes and is cooled in the process of being inhaled or ingested.

a. Statement by an owner or by anyone in control of the object concerning its use.

b. Prior convictions, if any, of an owner, or of anyone in control of the object, relating to any controlled substance for the limited purpose of demonstrating knowledge or lack of mistake regarding the object’s use as drug paraphernalia, and after determining on the record that the probative value of such outweighs prejudicial impact.

c. Proximity of the object to controlled substances.

d. Existence of any residue of controlled substances on the object.

e. Direct or circumstantial evidence of the intent of an owner, or of anyone in control of the object, to deliver to persons whom he or she knows, or reasonably should know, intend to use the object to facilitate a violation of the Vancouver Municipal code, the laws of the State of Washington, or the laws of the United States relating to controlled substances.

f. Descriptive materials or instructions, written or oral, accompanying the object, which explain or depict its use.

g. National and local advertising concerning its use.

h. The manner in which the object is displayed for sale, including its proximity to other objects falling within the definition of drug paraphernalia.

i. The existence and scope of legitimate uses for the object in the community.

j. Expert testimony concerning its use, including testimony from law enforcement personnel regarding their knowledge and experience concerning its use.