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A. Purpose. The purpose of a system of functional classifications and street types is to facilitate the safe and efficient movement of people and goods while preserving residential areas and maintaining the economic vitality of commercial and industrial areas. The system classifies transportation facilities according to an appropriately integrated network, emphasizing the movement of all modes of transportation through a network of streets in a safe, logical and efficient manner. The classification system categorizes streets according to the land-use designations they serve (or are intended to serve) and is based on a number of features including existing and projected traffic volumes, expected growth based on land-use patterns, the nature of vehicle traffic, and present and future connectivity and circulation needs. The system is also intended to link land use development activities with transportation facilities for the optimum utilization of both. The City’s functional classification system is intended to comply with the federal classification system. Existing and proposed arterials and collectors are shown on the City’s adopted arterial plan.

B. Functional Classifications and Street Types. Subsections 1-5 below provide a broad general description of the purpose and function of street types. Required design specifications for each street type are set forth in Table 11.80.040.C-1 and in the standard details, plans, and design criteria prepared by the City, available at www.cityofvancouver.us; and in the standard specifications and reference documents adopted at Section 11.80.030.

1. Principal Arterial. This is the basic element of the City’s road system. All other functional classifications supplement the principal arterial network. It carries large volumes of traffic over long distances. Access is generally limited to intersections with other arterials and collectors. Signalized intersection spacing is regulated. Direct land access is minimal and managed. Spacing is typically 2 to 5 miles.

2. Minor Arterial. This street collects and distributes traffic from principal arterials to streets of lower classifications and may allow traffic to access destinations directly. Minor arterials provide for movement within City subareas whose boundaries are largely defined by principal arterial roadways. Minor arterials serve through traffic and provide direct access to large commercial, industrial, office, and multi-family development but generally do not provide access to single-family residential properties. Spacing is typically less than 2 miles.

3. Collector. This type of street provides for land access and traffic circulation within and between residential neighborhoods and commercial and industrial areas. The collector street also collects traffic from local streets and channels it into the arterial system. Direct access to adjacent land uses, however, is still subordinate to traffic movement. Access to abutting properties is controlled through driveway spacing and pavement markings. Typically, collectors are not continuous for any great length, nor do they form a connected network by themselves. Spacing is typically less than 2 miles.

4. Industrial. An industrial street provides land access and traffic circulation within industrial and manufacturing areas. An industrial street is designed to meet the needs of significant volumes of large vehicles including trucks, trailers, and delivery vehicles. There are three classifications of industrial streets based on the anticipated traffic volume. These include principal, secondary, and local. Typically, parking is not allowed, except for loading zones necessary to accommodate delivery needs.

5. Access.

a. Neighborhood Circulator. This type of street distributes traffic from collectors and provides direct access for abutting properties. Through trips are discouraged and parking is allowed. In general, these streets connect local access streets to collectors.

b. Local Access. These streets provide direct access to adjoining properties within a neighborhood

Through trips are discouraged and parking is usually allowed. In general, these streets do not connect directly to arterials or collectors. Local access streets are designed to serve 26 or more dwelling units.

c. Cul-de-Sacs. These streets are a maximum of 600 feet long and serve no more than 25 dwelling units. Parking is allowed. The use of shared driveways from cul-de-sacs requires approval by the Fire Marshal.

d. Alleys. These secondary accesses to the back sides of lots allow the streets at the fronts of properties to remain unencumbered with driveways. Alleys are an alternative to frontage access. Parking is not allowed.

e. Scenic Routes. These streets have unique scenic or historical features and are managed accordingly. Scenic routes seek to enhance and preserve the scenic or historical features unique to the route and facilitate the enjoyment of them. Scenic routes are designated by the City.

A scenic route is designed to achieve the function and mobility goals of the corridor. As for any other street, the functional classification of a scenic route is determined by its general traffic movement and land service usage. Urban collector standards will be used for right of way and roadway sections and existing alignment will be used.

Given the unique nature of each scenic route, an additional layer of management and design standards may be allowed. The supplemental standards accommodate current engineering standards while enhancing and preserving scenic and historical features and facilitating their enjoyment. Supplemental standards for a scenic route must be documented and adopted into a scenic route corridor management plan.

Prior to establishment of a scenic route, the Director will prepare a scenic route corridor management plan for adoption by the City Council. The plan will set forth the geometric and operational design parameters and regulations that supplement the standards established in Title 11. The plan also will set forth, at a minimum, any modifications to the standards and will be based on a roadway and traffic engineering study. Establishment of corridor-specific operations and management practices (as applicable) will also be documented in the plan.

Designated scenic routes – Evergreen Street, known as Officers’ Row, between Ft. Vancouver Way and East Reserve s, in the vicinity of Officers’ Row.

C. Design Requirements.

1. Design Criteria. The design criteria shown in Table 11.80.040.C-1 are adopted as a portion of the City’s standard plans and specifications. These criteria are intended for normal conditions. The Director may require higher standards for unusual site conditions; these may include, but are not limited to topographic features or sight distance constraints. Additionally, higher standards or limitations may be required by adopted plans including but not limited to those listed below. These higher standards may include, but are not limited to, additional right of way or easements and specific design standards to enhance safety, provide design solutions responding to unique neighborhood characteristics, and facilitate maintenance. The following adopted plans have specific requirements and guidelines:

a. Fourth Plain Subarea Plan including the Fourth Plain Corridor Overlay District (VMC 20.580) and design guidelines

b. Central Park Subarea Plan including the Vancouver Central Park Plan District (VMC 20.640)

c. Vancouver City Center Vision including the City Center Waterfront (VMC 20.630.080) and the Vancouver City Center Planned Action

d. Riverview Gateway Plan including the Riverview Gateway Plan District (VMC 20.680) and design guidelines

e. Section 30 Subarea Plan including the Section 30 Employment Center Plan District (VMC 20.690) and design guidelines

f. 112th Avenue Corridor Subarea Plan including the 112th Avenue Corridor Plan District (VMC 20.691) and design guidelines

g. Fruit Valley Subarea Plan and design guidelines

h. Westside Mobility Strategy

i. Lower Grand Employment Area Subarea Plan including the Lower Grand Employment Action Plan

j. Evergreen Corridor Management Strategy

2. Industrial Areas. Streets completely within and through industrially zoned areas providing access to or through individual parcels or buildings will be classified as either public or private. All public industrial streets must comply with the industrial street standards of Table 11.80.040.C-1 and all other applicable standards. All private industrial streets shall comply with the requirements of Section 11.80.050. Streets with industrial zoning on one side will be constructed to industrial street structural sections and will have sidewalks on both sides.

3. Private Streets. Private streets are not required to comply with the design criteria shown in Table 11.80.040.C-1. All private streets shall comply with the requirements of Section 11.80.050.

Table 11.80.040.C-1. Design Table

Street Type/Standard Plan

Minimum ROW Width (ft)

Design Speed (mph)

Design Volume (ADT)

Minimum Full Access Intersection Spacing (ft)

Minimum Intersection Radius (ft)

Applicable Standard Plan

Arterial

Principal

6-lane w/ CTWLT* & bike lanes

120

50

40,000

600

35

T10-04

6-lane w/ CTWLT

110

50

40,000

600

35

T10-05

4-lane w/ CTWLT & bike lanes

100

50

24,000

600

35

T10-06

4-lane w/ CTWLT

90

50

24,000

600

35

T10-07

Minor

4-lane w/ CTWLT & bike lanes

100

40

24,000

500

35

T10-08

4-lane w/ CTWLT

90

40

24,000

500

35

T10-09

4-lane w/ bike lanes

90

40

18,000

500

35

T10-10

4-lane

80

40

18,000

500

35

T10-11

3-lane w/ bike lanes

70

40

16,000

500

35

T10-12

2-lane

60

40

12,000

500

35

T10-13

Collector

3-lane w/ bike lanes

70

35

16,000

275

35

T10-12

2-lane

60

35

12,000

275

35

T10-13

Industrial

Principal

5-lane

80

40

12,000 - 24,000

275

50

T10-20

3-lane

60

40

8,000 - 12,000

275

50

T10-21

Secondary

2-lane

60

35

8,000 - 10,000

275

45

T10-22

Local

2-lane

50

25

<2,000

N/A

45

T10-23

Access

N'hood Circ

2-lane

54

25

<2,000

125

25

T10-14

Local Access

2-lane

50

25

<1,000

N/A

20

T10-15A/B

Cul-de-sac

2-lane

50

25

250

N/A

20

T10-16

Note 1: LID facilities may require additional right of way and/or easement dedication

*ROW = right of way; CTWLT = center two-way left-turn lane

(Ord. M-4179 §10, 2016; Ord. M-4180 §3, 2016; Ord. M-4026 §10, 2012)